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2D MAXENE MXENE
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2D MAXENE MXENE

V2C MXene

MXene is a group of two-dimensional (2D) inorganic compounds in materials research. These materials are composed of layers of transition metal carbides, nitrides, or carbon nitrides that are a few atoms thick. MXene combines the metallic conductivity of transition metal carbides with hydrophilicity because of their hydroxyl or oxygen-capped surfaces. In most cases, synthetic MXene is created by HF etching, and when there are less than five layers, it is referred to as multilayer MXene (ML-MXene) or multilayer MXene (FL-MXene), which has an accordion-like shape. The naming convention Mn+1XnTx, where T is a functional group, can be employed since the surface of MXenes can be terminated by functional groups (e.g. O, F, OH, Cl).

MAX Phase

These 2D layered materials are referred to as "MXenes" to stress their resemblance to graphene. We created them by etching the A-layer from the MAX phase. The standard formula for the parent MAX phase is Mn+1AXn, (MAX), where n=1 to 3, M is an early transition metal, A is a non-metallic element, and X is carbon and/or nitrogen. The parent MAX phase has a layered hexagonal structure with P6 3/mmc symmetry. Where the X atoms fill octahedral places and the M layer is almost closed stacking. As a result, the A element is intercalated with the M elemental metal and bonded to the Mn+1 X n layer.

Single Transition Metal MXenes

MXenes employ three structures of metal at the M site inherited from the parent MAX phase: M2C, M3C2, and M4C3. They have the general formula Mn+1AXn and are created by selectively etching A elements from the MAX phase or other layered predecessors. M is an early transition metal, A is a group 13 or group 14 element of the periodic table, X is C or N, and n = 1-4.

The top and side views of structural models for Ti2C, Ti3C2, Ti3CN, Ti2CO2, Ti3C2O2 and Ti3CNO2. Fig 1. The top and side views of structural models for Ti2C, Ti3C2, Ti3CN, Ti2CO2, Ti3C2O2 and Ti3CNO2. (Zhe M, et al. 2021)

Double Transition Metal MXenes

There are two types of double transition metal MXenes: ordered double transition metal MXenes and solid solution MXenes.

The typical formula for the ordered double transition metal MXenes is M'2M"C2 or M'2M"2C3, where M' and M" are distinct transition metals. Mo2TiC2, Mo2Ti2C3, and Cr2TiC2 are some of the synthesized double transition metal carbides. In certain of these MXene, such as Mo2TiC2,and Cr2TiC2, the Mo or Cr atoms are situated at the outside edges of the MXene, and these atoms regulate the electrochemical characteristics of the MXene.

Solid solution MXene has the general formula: (M'2-yM"y)C, (M'3-yM"y)C2, (M'4-yM"y)C3, or (M'5-yM"y)C4, where the metal is randomly distributed throughout the structure in solid solution form, resulting in a continuous customizable character.

Divacancy MXenes

There is proof that 2D Mo1.33C sheets contain ordered metal vacancies thanks to the construction of parent 3D atomic laminates (Mo2/3Sc1/3)2AlC with in-plane chemical ordering and by selectively etching Al and Sc atoms.

This category contains an extensive catalog of MXene and MAXENE 2D materials. Due to their extensive customizability (e.g., composition, surface termination, thickness, etc.) and processability, MXene and MAXENE have found applications in a number of different fields, including energy storage devices, biomedical applications, composites, electrochromic devices, and countless other applications.

Reference

  1. Zhe M, et al. (2021). "MXenes Modified by Single Transition Metal Atom for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Catalysts." Applied Surface Science. 562(1): 150151.

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